I-porcelain ecwebezelisiwe emhlophe, ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaSui, yayisivele ikhulile. Ezikhathini Zobukhosi Bama-Tang, i-porcelain ecwebezelwe emhlophe yaba nentuthuko entsha, futhi ubumhlophe be-porcelain nabo bafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-70%, eduze nezinga lesimanje le-porcelain esezingeni eliphakeme, eyabeka isisekelo esiqinile sobumba obungaphansi nokucwebezelisa ngokweqile.
Enkathini Yobukhosi Bengoma, izingcweti zobumba ezenziwe ngobumba zenze ukuthuthuka okusha ngokwekhwalithi yamathayi, ukucwebezela kwe-glaze nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokudubula kobumba bufinyelele ekuvuthweni okugcwele. I-porcelain ecwebezelayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe eshiswe ngalesi sikhathi imhlophe kodwa ayicwebezi, icwebezela ngokumpunga ngokumhlophe, ilula futhi iyinhle, futhi iyinhle ngokuma. Ngesikhathi sobukhosi be-Ming ne-Qing, i-Dehua kiln yashisa "indlovu emhlophe" enombala ogqamile, futhi i-Yongle kiln yadubula "icwecwe elimhlophe elimnandi" elicwebezelayo elifudumele njenge-jade, yonke imikhiqizo emihle yobumba obucwebezelisiwe obumhlophe.
Uma i-porcelain inganakekelwa kahle, izolimala kakhulu, okungahambisani nokuqoqwa kwesikhathi eside kwe-porcelain, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo emihle eye yanikezwa futhi yavubukulwa, futhi kufanele igcinwe ngokucophelela. Ukugcinwa kwe-porcelain kufanele kulandele isimiso sokunakekelwa, ukunakekelwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugcinwa kwe-porcelain akufanele kube ngokweqile kakhulu ukugwema ukulimala kokuzivikela. Nansi indlela yokunakekela i-porcelain.
Okokuqala, i-porcelain iyimikhiqizo ebuthakathaka, ekulondolozweni kufanele inake ukushaqeka, i-anti-extrusion, i-anti-collision. Lapho wazisa iqoqo, qaphela ukuthi ungangqubuzani noma uwe, futhi uzame ukuthi ungajuluki futhi ungalithinti. Kungcono ukugqoka amagilavu uma ubuka iqoqo, itafula lihlanganiswe ne-flannel, ungadluliseli komunye nomunye lapho ubuka, umuntu oyedwa kufanele ahlelwe kabusha etafuleni ekupheleni kokubuka, kanti abanye bazolibamba ukuze libukwe.
Okwesibili, amabhodlela, izimbiza, i-Zun nezinye i-porcelain ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa kusukela phansi kuya phezulu, futhi intamo engenhla yento ayikwazi ukuthwala ngesandla lapho ihamba. Indlela efanele ukubamba intamo ngesandla esisodwa kanye nephansi ngesinye. Amanye amabhodlela, izimbiza, nezithombe zihlotshiswe ngazo zombili izindlebe, futhi izindlebe kuphela azikwazi ukuphakanyiswa lapho zithathwa futhi zizibeka ukuze zigweme ukuphuka noma ukulimala. Izitsha zamasondo azacile, amathayi amancane, isisindo esincane, i-squeamish, ngokucophelela kakhulu lapho uhamba, ukubeka, ukubamba phansi ngezandla zombili, gwema ukusebenzisa isandla esisodwa, ikakhulukazi amabhodlela, unyawo oluphansi luncane, ubukhulu bomzimba bude, futhi budinga ukushaywa umoya.
Okwesithathu, usanda kuthenga i-glaze ephezulu yokushisa noma i-underglaze porcelain, kufanele kuqala ifakwe emanzini ahlanzekile amahora angu-l, bese ugeza ibala lamafutha ebusweni ngensipho yesitsha, usule amanzi ngethawula bese uyibeka ebhokisini, ibhokisi kufanele ligcwaliswe ngegwebu, futhi ububanzi ngemuva kokwengeza igwebu akufanele budlule u-0.5 cm, futhi iqoqo elifanele kufanele libe ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi iqoqo elifanele kufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-0.5 cm eqoqweni elifanayo. ukuvimbela umonakalo eqoqweni.
4. Kutholwe i-glaze enezinga lokushisa eliphansi nombala ocwebezelayo. Imfucumfucu eminingi izongena ku-glaze, futhi ngisho nesenzakalo sokuqothula nokulahlekelwa kombala, inani elincane lokunamathisela kufanele lifakwe phakathi kwe-glaze, bese kusetshenziswe okunamathiselwe okuthambile embala ukuvimbela ukucwebezela ekuweni endaweni enkulu. Uma ingcwatshwa ngaphansi komhlaba isikhathi eside ku-glaze ephezulu yokushisa noma umbala ongaphansi, inqwaba ye-calcium ne-siliceous compounds nayo ikhiqizwa ebusweni be-porcelain, okungukuthi, ukugqwala. Ingahlanzwa kanye ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ifakwe ku-3% ye-hydrogen peroxide cishe amahora amathathu, bese icwiliswa emanzini amahora angaphezu kwama-30, futhi ihlanzwe ngendwangu emhlophe ehlanzekile, engasusa ukugqwala. Uma ingaphelele, ungasebenzisa ibhulashi ukuze usebenzise i-acetic acid, shayela ekugqwaleni, futhi ngemva kwamahora angu-5, sebenzisa i-scalpel yezokwelapha ukuze ususe ukugqwala, futhi i-blade inganqunywa ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Ngemuva kokuthi iningi lokugqwala lisusiwe, ligezwa ngendwangu yokuhlanza emhlophe kanye ne-toothpaste kuze kube yilapho ukugqwala kususwe ngokuphelele, le ndlela ifaneleka kuphela i-glaze ephezulu yokushisa nombala ongaphansi.
5. Lapho ugeza amabala kawoyela nokunye ukungcola, la makhono nezindlela ezilandelayo kufanele wazi kahle:
1 Amabala ajwayelekile angahlanzwa ngamanzi ane-alkaline, angahlanzwa futhi ngensipho, impushana yokuwasha, bese ehlanjululwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
2. Geza i-porcelain yamasondo amancane ebusika, futhi ulawule izinga lokushisa lamanzi ukuze uvimbele ukushintshaniswa kwamanzi ashisayo nabandayo ekuqhumeni ubumba.
I-porcelain yombala engu-3, eminye ngenxa yombala wezingxenye zomthofu ezengeziwe, isenzakalo somthofu, ingasetshenziswa kuqala ngeswabhu kakotini ecwiliswe kuviniga omhlophe, bese igezwa ngamanzi.
4 Uma i-porcelain inezicucu ezivulekile noma i-punch crack, ibala kulula "ukucwilisa" kulo, ungasebenzisa isixubho esicwiliswe oketshezini olune-asidi ukuxubha. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa izitsha ezicwebezelayo, ngoba ama-acids nezinto ze-alkali kulula ukulimaza i-glaze. Uma kuyi-porcelain ependwe ngegolide, ungasebenzisi i-feather duster ukuze uyihlanze, ngoba i-feather duster ingalimaza kalula umkhondo wegolide ku-porcelain. I-porcelain eyigugu kufanele igcinwe namabhokisi okhuni noma amabhokisi osayizi ohambisanayo nama-gall ukuze kugcinwe iqoqo.
